ɂɧɬɟɝɪɢɪɭɹ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ
"1#
ɩɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦ ɜ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ ɚɧɚ
'
ɥɢɡɚ
d~n
1
&
ɩɨɥɭɱɢɦ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ
ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
4
E
2
(
~r
2
) =
ZZZZZZ
a
L
1
(
~r
1
, ~n
1
)
~
(
~r
1
, ~n
1
)
p
μ
~n
2
+
~n
1
a
~r
1
f
0
¶
×
×
p
(
~r
2
a
~r
1
+
f
0
~n
2
)
d~r
1
d~n
1
d~n
2
=
=
ZZZZ
a
L
1
(
~r
1
, ~n
1
)
~
(
~r
1
, ~n
1
)
p
(
~r
2
a
f
0
~n
1
)
d~r
1
d~n
1
=
=
1
f
0
2
ZZZZ
a
~
(
~r
1
, ~n
1
)
L
1
(
~r
1
, ~n
1
)
p
(
~n
1
a
~r
2
f
0
)
d~r
1
d~n
1
.
"2#
ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɨɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ
"2#
ɨɩɢɫɵɜɚɟɬ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɧɨ
'
ɫɬɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
&
ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ Ƚɪɢɧɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɚ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ
(
Ⱦɥɹ
ɞɢɮɪɚɤɰɢɨɧɧɨ
'
ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɚɛɟɪɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ
ɜɢɞ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ Ƚɪɢɧɚ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫɥɨɠɧɟɟ
(
Ⱦɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɦ
ɟɳɟ ɪɚɡ ɧɚɣɬɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ
&
ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɦɨɟ ɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɣ
ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɜ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ
&
ɧɨ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɜɨɥɧɨɜɨɣ ɬɟɨ
'
ɪɢɢ
&
ɢ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɶ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ
(
ɂɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ
&
ɤɚɤ ɢ ɪɚɧɟɟ
&
ɛɭɞɟɦ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɬɶ ɨɩɬɢ
'
ɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɫ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɨɦ
"
ɬɨɧɤɨɣ ɥɢɧɡɨɣ
#
ɧɟɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɡɦɟ
'
ɪɨɜ
&
ɢɦɟɸɳɢɦ ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɹ
~
(
~r
1
, ~n
1
)
&
ɤɨ
'
ɬɨɪɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɟ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɥɭɱɟɣ ɫɜɟɬɚ
&
ɩɚɞɚɸɳɢɯ ɜ ɬɨɱɤɭ
~r
1
ɜ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ
~n
1
(
ȼ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɜɨɥɧɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɬɨɧɤɚɹ ɥɢɧɡɚ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬ ɮɚɡɭ ɩɚ
'
ɞɚɸɳɟɣ ɜɨɥɧɵ
&
ɬɪɚɧɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɹ ɟɟ ɜɨɥɧɨɜɨɣ ɮɪɨɧɬ
&
ɚ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɪɚɫɩɪɨ
'
ɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɢɡɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ ɨɩɢɫɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɚɪɚɛɨ
'
ɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟɦ
(
ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧ
'
ɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɮɨɤɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ ɬɨɧɤɨɣ ɥɢɧɡɵ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɨɣ ɤɨɪ
'
ɪɟɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɟɣ ɜ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɡɪɚɱɤɚ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟɦ
U+W
E
2
(
~r
2
) =
1
(
wf
0
)
2
=
ZZZZ
a
a(
~r
1
, ~|
) exp
μ
a
ik~r
2
~|
f
0
¶
d~r
1
d~|,
(
3
)
ɝɞɟ
E
2
(
~r
2
)
ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɮɨɤɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɫɤɨ
'
ɫɬɢ
5
k
= 2
{/w
ɜɨɥɧɨɜɨɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ
5
f
0
ɮɨɤɭɫɧɨɟ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɥɢɧɡɵ
5
~r
1
, ~|
ɜɟɤɬɨɪɵ ɜ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɡɪɚɱɤɚ ɥɢɧɡɵ
(
-. CMMH *,-0'-3--(
ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɆȽɌɍ ɢɦ
(
ɇ
(
ɗ
(
Ȼɚɭɦɚɧɚ
(
ɋɟɪ
(
ɉɪɢɛɨɪɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ
( ,**/(
ʋ
+