Laser Remote Method for Measuring Gusts of Atmospheric Wind

An average wind speed, an instantaneous wind speed and gusts of the atmospheric wind (maximum value of instantaneous speed for any period of time) are to be measured during the meteorological observations. In many practical applications, laser methods are most promising remote methods for measuring the atmospheric wind speed (especially from the standpoint of minimization of mass-dimensional characteristics of apparatus and power consumption). For measuring an instantaneous speed and gusts of the atmospheric wind, a laser remote method is considered. A simple method (using one laser beam without spatial scanning) is described which can be applied for the approximate measurement of instantaneous speed and direction of the atmospheric wind. The method is based on the analysis of measured spatial realizations of the volume coefficient of aerosol backscattering of the atmosphere. The results of mathematical simulation and experimental data processing show the possibility of estimation of the instantaneous wind speed with an error of 20-30% and evaluation of the wind direction with an error of 25°-30°.

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