ɲɚɝɚɦ
+,-
ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɚ
+&
ɢ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦ
,
ɦɨɝɭɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɵ
ɜ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɪɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ
MQLFM'
ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɚɯ ɫ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɦɢ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟ
'
ɧɢɹɦɢ
(
ȼɫɟ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɚɯ
+
ɢ
,
ɚɞɚɩɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɪɚɡɛɢ
'
ɬɵ ɧɚ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ
(
Ʉɚɠɞɚɹ ɢɡ ɷɬɢɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɱɟɬɵɪɟ ɧɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɹɳɢɟ
ɞɪɭɝ ɨɬ ɞɪɭɝɚ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɹ
&
ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦɵɟ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɚɦɢ
|
N
(
k
)
&
|
N
(
k
a
L
)
&
N
(
k
)
ɢ
N
(
k
a
L
)
(
ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɵ
ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɱɟɬɵɪɟɯ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɨɜ
&
ɬ
(
ɟ
(
ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨ
(
Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɪɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɵ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɨɜ ɢɡ
ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
U2W
ɢ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɨɜ
+
ɢ
,
ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɵ
'
ɦɢ ɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɬ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɵɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɢ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɵɯ
ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɯ ɚɞɚɩɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜ ɢ ɜɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚɯ
(
Ɉɬɥɢɱɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɚɦɢ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɜ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɦ
(
ȼ
ɪɚɛɨɬɟ
U2W
ɦɚɬɪɢɰɚ
A
ɢɦɟɟɬ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ
2
×
2
&
ɢ ɞɥɹ ɟɟ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨ
'
ɜɚɧɚ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɚ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɬɪɢɰ
(
ȼ ɫɢɥɭ ɦɚɥɨɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ
'
ɧɨɫɬɢ ɷɬɨɣ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ ɟɟ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɡɚɞɚɧɵ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɢɪɭɸ
'
ɳɢɯ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɣ
(
ȼ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ
U2W
ɜɟɤɬɨɪɵ
C
ɢ
D
ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɞɜɟ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ
"
ɜɟɤɬɨɪɵ
x
ɢ
y
#&
ɚ ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ
ɱɟɬɵɪɟ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ
"
ɜɟɤɬɨɪɵ
x
&
y
&
v
ɢ
z
#&
ɱɬɨ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɭ
".#
ɩɨ
'
ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɞɜɚ ɪɚɡɚ
&
ɚ ɜɨ ɜɬɨɪɨɦ
ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɞɢɧ ɪɚɡ
(
Ʉɚɤ ɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ
&
ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɵɟ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɵ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭ
'
ɪɚɦɢ
4
ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɵ ɢɡ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
U2W
ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɧɚ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɫ ɩɨɦɨ
'
ɳɶɸ ɞɜɭɯ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɨɜ
&
ɚ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɵ
+
ɢ
,
ɧɚ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚ
'
ɰɢɸ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɱɟɬɵɪɟɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɨɜ
(
ɇɟɛɨɥɶɲɢɟ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɹ ɢɦɟɸɬɫɹ
ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ ɨɰɟɧɤɟ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɨɜ
(
Ʉɚɤ ɭɠɟ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɥɨɫɶ
&
ɚɪɢɮɦɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɚ
+
ɪɚɜɧɚ
7
N
2
+ 27
N
+ 2
M
2
+ 9
M
ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɭɦɧɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ
6
N
2
+ 21
N
+ 2
M
2
+
+ 9
M
ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɫɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɭ ɢɬɟɪɚɰɢɸ
(
Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɪɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɜɚ
'
ɪɢɚɧɬ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɚ ɢɡ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
U2W
ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ
7
N
2
+18
N
+2
M
2
+5
M
ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ
ɭɦɧɨɠɟɧɢɹ
&
6
N
2
+ 14
N
+ 2
M
2
+ 5
M
ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɫɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɭ ɢɬɟ
'
ɪɚɰɢɸ
(
Ɉɰɟɧɤɚ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɚ
,
ɪɚɜɧɚ
M
(36
N
+ 8
M
+ 2) + 6
N
ɨɩɟ
'
ɪɚɰɢɣ ɭɦɧɨɠɟɧɢɹ
&
M
(35
N
+ 8
M
+ 2) + 6
N
ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɫɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ
M
ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɭ ɢɬɟɪɚɰɢɸ
&
ɬ
(
ɟ
(
O
(
N
)
ɚɪɢɮɦɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɩɟ
'
ɪɚɰɢɣ
(
ɗɬɨ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ
&
ɱɬɨ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦ
,
ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɛɵɫɬɪɵɦ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ
ɫ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɨɦ
+(
ȿɫɥɢ
N
À
4
ɢ
N
À
M
&
ɬɨ ɜɤɥɚɞ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɜɵ
'
ɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ
˜
A
ɜ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɚ ɚɞɚɩɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɰɢɢ
ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɧɟɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ
(
Ⱦɥɹ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ
&
ɪɟɝɭɥɹɪɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɜɚ
'
ɪɢɚɧɬ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɚ ɢɡ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
U2W
ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ
M
(25
N
+5
M
+2)+6
N
ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ
ɭɦɧɨɠɟɧɢɹ
&
M
(21
N
+5
M
+2)+6
N
ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɫɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ
2
M
ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ
ɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɭ ɢɬɟɪɚɰɢɸ
(
ȼɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ ɩɪɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɪɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɚɥ
'
ɝɨɪɢɬɦɨɜ ɢɡ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
U2W
ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɞɜɚ ɪɚɡɚ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɞɜɭɯ
CMMH *,-0'-3--(
ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɆȽɌɍ ɢɦ
(
ɇ
(
ɗ
(
Ȼɚɭɦɚɧɚ
(
ɋɟɪ
(
ɉɪɢɛɨɪɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ
( ,**/(
ʋ
+ 31
